The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (“BNS”), the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (“BNSS”), and the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (“BSA”) replaced the Indian Penal Code, 1860, the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, and the Indian Evidence Act, 1872, respectively on July 1, 2024.